In a large mixing bowl, combine the flour, instant yeast, sugar, and salt. Mix thoroughly so all the dry ingredients are evenly distributed for a consistent dough.
Pour in the lukewarm milk along with the olive oil. Stir everything together until a soft, shaggy dough begins to come together.
Transfer the dough onto a clean surface and knead for about 8–10 minutes. Continue kneading until the dough becomes smooth, elastic, and slightly tacky but not sticky or dry.
Place the kneaded dough into a lightly greased bowl, cover it with a clean cloth or cling film, and allow it to rise in a warm place for about 1 hour, or until it doubles in size.
Once the dough has risen, gently punch it down and divide it into 5–6 equal portions. Roll each portion into a long rope, approximately 50–60 cm in length.
Shape each rope into a large oval ring, keeping them loose and airy rather than tightly closed circles to achieve the traditional Jerusalem bagel shape.
Lightly brush each shaped bagel with milk, ensuring the surface is slightly moist so the sesame seeds adhere well.
Press each bagel firmly into sesame seeds, coating them generously on all sides for maximum flavor and texture.
Arrange the coated bagels on a lined baking tray and let them rest for another 20–30 minutes until they appear slightly puffy.
Preheat the oven to 220°C and bake the Jerusalem bagels for 18–22 minutes, or until they turn deep golden brown and the sesame seeds are toasted.
Allow them to cool slightly after baking, then serve warm with your choice of spreads, dips, or fillings for the best texture and flavor.